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A 27-year-old man who has been using IV drugs for 10 years has fever, a nonproductive cough, and dyspnea that has been progressively worsening over the past 3 weeks. He also reports chills and fatigue. He cannot remember the last time he visited a physician. He is 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) tall and weighs 55.3 kg (122 lb); BMI is 18.0 kg/m2. His temperature is 38.8°C (101.8°F), pulse is 92/min, respirations are 28/min, blood pressure is 124/74 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation is 92% on room air. Physical examination shows poor dentition and oral thrush. Skin findings are significant for track marks on his forearms. Pulmonary examination shows scattered intermittent crackles but is otherwise unremarkable. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and cluster of differentiation 4 count are ordered. Medications that will most likely give this patient the greatest mortality benefit have which mechanism of action?
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